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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) proposed a set of minimal markers for identifying human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) in 2007. Since then, with the growing interest of better characterising hMSCs, various additional surface markers have been proposed. However, the impact of how culture conditions, in particular, the culture surface, vary the expression of hMSC markers was overlooked. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this study, we utilized the RNA sequencing data on hMSCs cultured on different surfaces to investigate the variation of the proposed hMSC biomarkers. One of the three ISCT proposed positive biomarker, CD90 was found to be significantly down regulated on hMSCs culture on fibrous surfaces when compared to flat surfaces. The detected gene expression values for 177 hMSCs biomarkers compiled from the literature are reported here. Correlation and cluster analysis revealed the existence of different biomarker communities that displayed a similar expression profile. We found a list of hMSCs biomarkers which are the least sensitive to a change in surface properties and another list of biomarkers which are found to have high sensitivity to a change in surface properties. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that substrate properties have paramount effect on altering the expressions of hMSCs biomarkers and the proposed list of substrate-stable and substrate-sensitive biomarkers would better assist in the population characterisation. However, proteomic level analysis would be essential to confirm the observations noted.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biomarkers , Chemistry , Gene Expression , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Quality Control , Regenerative Medicine , Sequence Analysis, RNA , Surface Properties , TranscriptomeABSTRACT
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its evoked acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are the main causes of acute respiratory failure (ARF) in many clinical severe diseases, so that ALI is one of the clinical serious respiratory diseases. The mortality of ALI is persisting at high level without any lowering. And its basic pathological manifestations often show injury of pulmonary capillary membrane caused by uncontrolled inflammation, pulmonary edema and formation of transparent membrane. In this article, from the point of view of inflammation, oxidation stress, cell apoptosis, autophagy, etc to comprehensively summarize the pathogenesis of ALI, explaining the relationships between the occurrence of ALI and the uncontrolled inflammation, cytokines release, the unbalance of oxidation and anti-oxidation system, and different inducing factors leading to cellular autophagy. Moreover, the general research situation of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese herbal compound prescription for treatment of ALI was summarized. According to the TCM theory of "lung and the large intestine being interior-exteriorly related", the TCM method of Xuanfeitongfu method was proposed to be used for prevention and treatment of ALI, and from the point of view of inflammatory reaction regulation and autophagy pathway, the theoretical connotation was revealed, aiming to provide a direction for basic research and development of new traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of ALI.
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Objective To investigate the effect of sodium houttuyfonate on the expression of PI3K and AKT1 and mTOR mRNA in the lung of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),and reveal the possible mechanism of the COPD treated with sodium houttuyfonate. Methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group,model control group,dexamethasone group and sodium houttuyfonate group(n=6 for each). The rat models of COPD were established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide and smudging. The expressions of PI3K and AKT1 and mTOR mRNA were determined by real-time PCR. The morphological changes of the lung tissue was examined by histopathology. Results Compared with the normal control group,the expressions of PI3K and AKT1 were significantly in-creased and mTOR mRNA was significantly decreased in the model group(P<0.01,P<0.05). Compared with the mod-el group,the expressions of PI3K and AKT1 were significantly decreased and mTOR mRNA was significantly increased in the sodium houttuyfonate group and dexamethasone group(P<0.01,P<0.05). Compared with the dexamethasone group, the expression of mTOR mRNA was significantly increased in the sodium houttuyfonate group(P<0.05). The pathological observation indicated that there were local pulmonary consolidation and a extensive neutrophil infiltration in the alveolar cav-ity. Prominent pulmonary interstitial fibrous hyperplasia was observed in the model group. The pathological manifestations were much ameliorated than those of the model group,and only mild interstitial pneumonia and a slight fibrous hyperplasia were seen in the sodium houttuyfonate and the dexamethasone groups. Conclusions Sodium houttuyfonate reduces the in-jury of lung tissue and has protective effect on COPD rats. The mechanism is probably related to the down-regulatation of expression of PI3K and AKT1 mRNA and up-regulatation of expression of mTOR mRNA in COPD rats.
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Objective To investigate the effects of Xuanfeitongfufang Decoction on expressions of MD-2, NF-κB protein and its mRNA in lung of the rats with acute lung injury caused by LPS. Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, dexamethasone group and Xuanfeitongfufang Decoction large-, medium-, small-dose group, each group had eight rats. The ALI rat model was established by LPS tail-intravenous injection (6 mg/kg). The rats in Xuanfeitongfufang Decoction groups were pretreated by Xuanfeitongfufang Decoction (15.12, 7.56, 3.78 g/kg) for 3 days before LPS induced ALI. The rats in dexamethasone group were pretreated by dexamethasone (5 mg/kg). MD-2, NF-κB protein and its mRNA were measured by immunohistochemistry and PCR. The histopathology of the lung injury was observed by light microscope. Results Compared with normal group, the expression of MD-2, NF-κB protein and its mRNA were obviously increased in model group (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the expression of MD-2, NF-κB protein and its mRNA were obviously decreased in Xuanfeitongfufang Decoction groups and dexamethasone group (P<0.01), and there was no obvious difference between Xuanfeitongfufang Decoction groups and dexamethasone group. Light microscope observation indicates that there were large areas of pulmonary hemorrhage and necrosis in model group. While in Xuanfeitongfufang Decoction group and dexamethasone group, the pathological manifestations were much more ameliorated than those of the model group. The lung bronchiale inflammation appeared occasionally, and the edema was lightly. Conclusion Xuanfeitongfufang Decoction can lessen the injury of lung tissue and has protective effects on rats with ALI, the mechanism is possibly related to the inhibition of the expressions of MD-2 and NF-κB protein and its mRNA in injured lung tissues.
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Objective To explore the mechanism of QHR (main ingredients:Gypsum, Anemarrhema Asphodeloides Bge, Paeonia Lactiflora Pall) on secretive function of vaso-endothelial cells in rabbits with of endotoxemia. Methods Endotoxemia model was induced by colibacillary endotoxin via auricular intravenous injection in rabbits. The changes on pathomorphology and secretive function of vaso-endothelial cells in the model and QHR group were observed. Results It showed the existence of microthrombus in the lung via microscope in the model. The balance destruction of t-PA/PAI, NO/ET, TXB2/6-K-PGF1? in the model (P